Blockchain · Address
Abstract activity, bridges included.
Add a Abstract address and HashBooks reads its on-chain history: native and token transfers, swaps and network fees.
- Read-only
- 8 country reports
- Free to start
- From
- Abstract
- To
- HashBooks ledger
- Method
- Public wallet address
- Access
- Public on-chain data only
- Brings in
- Native and token transfers, Swaps, recognised from the transaction
- Report
- Form 8949 SA108 Schedule VDA myTax capital gains Schedule 3 Anlage SO Form CG1 IRAS income summary
Every row keeps its original record
What people use it for
Abstract and its apps.
Abstract is an Ethereum L2 aimed at consumer crypto apps, with its own portal and wallet for everyday users.
- Small tips, creator coins and social tokens sent and received
- Rewards from apps, which most countries treat as income
- Many small transactions, each read from the chain
Source: abs.xyz, checked 22.10.2026.
Good to know
Abstract specifics.
- Your Abstract address is the same 0x address you use on Ethereum and other EVM networks, but Abstract keeps its own history: add the address for Abstract to bring that history in.
- Abstract is an Ethereum layer 2. Bridging ETH or tokens from Ethereum moves your own assets, so HashBooks records it as a transfer with the original cost carried over, not a sale.
- Abstract is a layer 2 (L2) blockchain that creates batches of transactions and posts them to Ethereum.
From Abstract’s own pages: docs.abs.xyz. Checked October 2026.
How to connect
Abstract, step by step.
It takes a couple of minutes. Stuck? See connecting accounts in the help centre.
- Copy your public Abstract address (starts with 0x) — never your seed phrase or private key.
- In HashBooks, add a wallet and paste the address.
- HashBooks reads the full on-chain history for that address and classifies every transfer.
Worked example
The numbers, worked through.
A typical move onto Abstract, with the tax shown for the country you picked. The numbers are for illustration only; yours come from your own history.
Illustrative · United States
| Bridge 1 ETH from Ethereum (cost $2,000) | Not a sale |
|---|---|
| Swap the ETH for tokens worth | $2,600 |
| Cost basis carried over the bridge | −$2,000 |
| Gain on the swap | $600 |
| Gas paid in ETH, added to cost | −$4 |
| Reported gain | $596 |
The bridge keeps your original cost; the swap is the taxable event. The full example in the help centre.
Illustrative · United Kingdom
| Bridge 1 ETH (pool cost £1,600) | Not a disposal |
|---|---|
| Swap the ETH for tokens worth | £2,100 |
| Allowable cost from the pool | −£1,600 |
| Gas on the swap | −£3 |
| Gain | £497 |
Counts towards your £3,000 annual exempt amount. The full example in the help centre.
Illustrative · India
| Bridge 1 ETH (cost ₹1,70,000) | Not a transfer |
|---|---|
| Swap the ETH for tokens worth | ₹2,20,000 |
| Cost of acquisition | −₹1,70,000 |
| Gain (gas isn’t deductible) | ₹50,000 |
| Tax at 30% plus 4% cess | ₹15,600 |
On-chain swaps have no exchange to deduct TDS, so check whether you need to pay it. The full example in the help centre.
Taxed or not
What’s taxable on Abstract?
Whether each Abstract move creates tax depends on where you file. This follows the country at the top of the page.
| On Abstract | Taxable in United States? | How |
|---|---|---|
| Moving to your own wallet | No | Moving between your own wallets and accounts. |
| Swapping one coin for another | Yes | A disposal of the coin you give up, at market value. |
| Buying and selling NFTs | Yes | A sale is a capital gain or loss; collectible NFTs can be taxed at up to 28% long-term. |
| Rewards, staking and interest | Income | Ordinary income at fair market value when received. |
| Bridging to another network | No | Moving your own coins between networks isn’t a sale, unless you receive a different asset. |
| Paying network fees | Depends | Usually added to cost or deducted from proceeds of the trade it paid for. |
| On Abstract | Taxable in United Kingdom? | How |
|---|---|---|
| Moving to your own wallet | No | Moving between your own wallets. |
| Swapping one coin for another | Yes | A disposal at market value. |
| Buying and selling NFTs | Yes | A disposal for Capital Gains Tax, unless you trade NFTs as a business. |
| Rewards, staking and interest | Income | Income at the pound value when received. |
| Bridging to another network | Depends | Not a disposal if you keep beneficial ownership of the same asset. |
| Paying network fees | Depends | Fees on a disposal are an allowable cost. |
| On Abstract | Taxable in India? | How |
|---|---|---|
| Moving to your own wallet | No | Moving between your own wallets and exchanges. |
| Swapping one coin for another | Yes | A transfer of the coin you give up, taxed at 30% plus cess; TDS applies on both legs. |
| Buying and selling NFTs | Yes | A virtual digital asset: 30% plus cess on the gain. |
| Rewards, staking and interest | Income | At your slab rate when received. |
| Bridging to another network | No | Moving your own crypto isn’t a transfer. |
| Paying network fees | No | Not deductible: only the cost of acquisition counts. |
Your country
How Abstract activity is taxed where you live.
Pick where you file and the rules below follow. Each one has a longer write-up in the HashBooks help centre.
United States · Form 8949
- Selling, swapping or spending what you hold on Abstract. Selling, swapping or spending crypto is a capital gain or loss: short-term at 10–37% if held a year or less, 0, 15 or 20% if held longer. More on Abstract in United States
- Rewards and interest from Abstract. Staking rewards, interest and other rewards are ordinary income at their dollar value when received; that value becomes their cost basis. More on Abstract in United States
- NFTs bought or sold through Abstract. Selling an NFT at a gain is a capital gain; buying one isn’t taxable, it sets your cost basis. More on Abstract in United States
- Moving coins to or from Abstract. Moving crypto between your own wallets and accounts isn’t taxable. More on Abstract in United States
- Cost basis. Since 1 January 2025 cost basis is tracked per wallet or exchange; HashBooks uses FIFO, lot by lot. More on Abstract in United States
Full rules: the United States crypto tax guide in the help centre, or the United States overview.
United Kingdom · SA108
- Selling, swapping or spending what you hold on Abstract. Selling, swapping or spending crypto is a disposal for Capital Gains Tax: gains above the £3,000 annual exempt amount are taxed at 18% or 24%. More on Abstract in United Kingdom
- Rewards and interest from Abstract. Staking rewards are income at their pound value when received, and that value becomes their cost for a later disposal. More on Abstract in United Kingdom
- NFTs bought or sold through Abstract. Selling an NFT held as an investment is a Capital Gains Tax disposal; swapping one NFT for another is too. More on Abstract in United Kingdom
- Moving coins to or from Abstract. Moving crypto between your own wallets isn’t a disposal. More on Abstract in United Kingdom
- Cost basis. Disposals match same-day buys, then buys in the next 30 days, then the Section 104 pool. More on Abstract in United Kingdom
Full rules: the United Kingdom crypto tax guide in the help centre, or the United Kingdom overview.
India · Schedule VDA
- Selling, swapping or spending what you hold on Abstract. Each sale or swap is a transfer taxed at a flat 30% plus 4% cess on the gain. Losses can’t be set off, and only the cost of acquisition is deductible. More on Abstract in India
- Rewards and interest from Abstract. Staking, airdrop and other rewards are income at your slab rate when received; selling them later is a separate 30% transfer. More on Abstract in India
- NFTs bought or sold through Abstract. NFTs are virtual digital assets: a sale is a transfer taxed at 30% plus cess on the gain. More on Abstract in India
- Moving coins to or from Abstract. Moving crypto between your own wallets and exchanges isn’t a transfer. More on Abstract in India
Full rules: the India crypto tax guide in the help centre, or the India overview.
See the rules for your country.
At a glance
Abstract in brief.
| Chain ID | 2741 |
|---|---|
| Gas token | ETH |
| Type | Ethereum layer 2 |
| Block explorer | abscan.org |
| Website | abs.xyz |
| Address format | 0x…, the same as Ethereum |
Chain ID, gas token and explorer from chainlist (chainid.network).
What comes across
What HashBooks reads from Abstract.
- Native and token transfers
- Swaps, recognised from the transaction
- Bridge deposits and withdrawals, as transfers
- Gas fees in ETH
Similar
More evm chains, same ledger.
Security
Your Abstract address can’t move anything.
Adding a Abstract address is the same as looking it up on a public explorer. HashBooks can read it but cannot move anything. How HashBooks keeps data safe.
Questions
Abstract, answered.
Is bridging to Abstract taxable?
Moving your own crypto to Abstract through a bridge is generally not a sale, because you still own it. Watch for bridges that swap the token on the way: receiving a different asset can be a disposal. HashBooks matches the two sides when both addresses are connected.
Are Abstract gas fees tax deductible?
It depends on your country. In the US and UK a fee paid on a trade usually becomes part of its cost or reduces proceeds; in India only the cost of acquisition is deductible. HashBooks applies the rule for the country you file in.
Which HashBooks plan do I need for Abstract?
Connecting Abstract and seeing an estimated tax summary is free for up to 100 transactions across 3 connections. Filing reports for your country start on the Starter plan; see pricing.
Can HashBooks move anything from my Abstract address?
No. A public address shows history but can’t sign anything, and HashBooks never asks for a recovery phrase or private key. It reads; it can’t trade, withdraw or transfer.
Something else? Read all questions and answers, ask us or browse the help centre.
Ready?
Abstract today, the rest when you like.
Free to start. Read-only from the first click.